"May the Peace and Blessings of Allah be Upon You"
Praise be to Allaah, we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.
Bismillah Walhamdulillah Was Salaatu Was Salaam 'ala Rasulillah
As-Salaam Alaikum Wa-Rahmatullahi Wa-Barakatuhu
Seeking Refuge with Allah - Tafsir Ibn Kathir - Surah Fatihah
"Authu Billahi min-ash Shaytani Rajim"
(I seek refuge with Allah from the cursed Satan)
"I seek refuge with Allah from the cursed Satan so that he is prevented from affecting my religious or worldly affairs, or hindering me from adhering to what I was commanded, or luring me into what I was prohibited from.
Indeed, only Allah is able to prevent the evil of Satan from touching the son of Adam. This is why Allah allowed us to be lenient and kind with the human devil, so that his soft nature might cause him to refrain from the evil he is indulging in.
However, Allah required us to seek refuge with Him from the evil of Satan, because he (satan) neither accepts bribes nor does kindness affect him, for he is pure evil. Thus, only He Who created Satan is able to stop his evil.
This meaning is reiterated in only three Ayat in the Quran. Allah said in Surat Al-Araf:
"Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the foolish (i.e. dont punish them)." [Noble Quran 7:199]
This is about dealing with human beings. He then said in the same Surah:
"And if an evil whisper comes to you from Shaytan, then seek refuge with Allah. Verily, He is Hearing, Knowing" [Noble Quran 7:200]
Allah also said in Surat Al-Muminun:
"Repel evil with that which is better. We are Best-Acquainted with the things they utter. And say: "My Lord! I seek refuge with You from the whisperings (suggestions) of the Shayatin (devils). And I seek refuge with You, My Lord! Lest they should come near me. [Noble Quran 23:96-98]
Further, Allah said in Surat As-Sajdah:
"The good deed and the evil deed cannot be equal. Repel (the evil) with one which is better, then verily he, between whom and you there was enmity, (will become) as though he was a close friend. But none is granted it (the above quality) except those who are patient and none is granted it except the owner of the great portion (of happiness in the Hereafter, i.e. Paradise and of a high moral character) in this world. And if an evil whisper from Shaytan tries to turn you away (from doing good), then seek refuge in Allah. Verily, He is the Hearing, the Knowing" [Noble Quran 41:34-36]
The Tafsir of Istiadthah (seeking Refuge)
These are the only three Ayat that carry this meaning. Allah commanded that we be lenient human enemy, so that his soft nature might make him an ally and a supporter. He also commanded that we seek refuge from the satanic enemy, because the devil does not relent in his enmity if we treat him with kindness and leniency. The devil only seeks the destruction of the Son of Adam due to the vicious enmity and hatred he has always had towards mans father, Adam. Allah said:
"O Children of Adam! Let not Shaytan deceive you, as he got your parents (Adam and Hawa (Eve) (out of Paradise)" [Noble Quran 7:27]
"Surely, Shaytan is an enemy to you, so take (treat) him as an enemy. He only invites his Hizb (followers) that they may become the dwellers of the blazing Fire"
[Noble Quran 35:6]
And,
"Will you then take him (Iblis) and his offspring as protectors and helpers rather than Me while they are enemies to you What an evil is the exchange for the Dthalimun (polytheists, and wrongdoers, etc)" [Noble Quran 18:50]
The devil assured Adam that he wanted to advise him, but he was lying. Hence, how would he treat us after he had vowed:
"By Your might, then I will surely, mislead them all. Except Your chosen servants among them (i.e. faithful, obedient, true believers of Islamic Monotheism)." [Noble Quran 38:82-83]
Also, Allah said:
"(So when you) want to recite the Quran, seek refuge with Allah from Shaytan, the outcast (the cursed one). Verily, he has no power over those who believe and put their trust only in their Lord (Allah). His power is only over those who obey and follow him (Satan), and those who join partners with Him." [Noble Quran 16:98-100]
Khadejah Jones
Share Islam Team
ShareIslam.com
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